[rbridge] Orphaned endnodes with partitioned VLANs on a cloud

Eric Gray eric.gray at ericsson.com
Wed Dec 5 10:41:41 PST 2007


Radia,

	I've been sort of wondering what the point is in having
a subject line anyway.  After all, the subject surely must be
obvious from the text in the message, right?  :-)

Thanks!

--
Eric Gray
Principal Engineer
Ericsson  

> -----Original Message-----
> From: Radia Perlman [mailto:Radia.Perlman at sun.com] 
> Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2007 10:15 PM
> To: Eric Gray
> Cc: Developing a hybrid router/bridge.
> Subject: Orphaned endnodes with partitioned VLANs on a cloud
> Importance: High
> 
> Putting in a subject line since Eric didn't.
> 
> To restate Eric's concern -- it is possible that VLAN A might be 
> partitioned on a link, and since the DRB selects only
> a single VLAN-A-forwarder, some VLAN A endnodes on the cloud 
> might get 
> orphaned (since they are on the
> other side of the partition from the appointed VLAN A 
> forwarder on the 
> link).
> 
> And that is correct.
> 
> So, what is the alternative? Everything is an engineering tradeoff.
> We could run DRB elections on every possible VLAN, and with a 
> partitioned VLAN, wind up with multiple DRBs for
> that VLAN. If there were n VLANs, we'd wind up with n DRBs (one per 
> VLAN), n pseudonodes, n times as many Hello
> messages, etc.
> 
> We chose to consider a partiitoned VLAN, caused by bridges 
> configured to 
> not pass data traffic for a particular VLAN,
> as a misonfiguration. This can happen with bridges anyway, if 
> you mark a 
> bunch of your potential through links as not
> being allowed for VLAN A transit. The solution in the current spec is 
> low overhead (at most one pseudonode per link,
> one Hello per RBridge except for the DRB) and relatively simple. 
> Hopefully eventually more bridges will be replaced by
> RBridges and this sort of thing won't happen.
> 
> Radia
> 
> 
> Eric Gray wrote:
> > Folks,
> >
> > 	Here is the problem that occurs when VLAN state is inferred
> > for one VLAN from connectivity provided by another.  This is a
> > general problem, but has specific applicability to the current
> > set of assumptions used in the protocol specification.  This came
> > up in off-line discussions with Anoop Ghanwani (and others) at an
> > IEEE meeting a couple of weeks ago.
> >
> > 	A key thing to understand in looking at this problem is it
> > is a comparison between how a network works with 802.1Q bridges
> > and the same network after some 802.1Q bridges have been replaced
> > with RBridges.  The example shows a partial RBridge deployment
> > and this is compared with how it will have worked with 802.1Q
> > bridges where the example shows RBridges (i.e. - it is an after-
> > the-fact comparison of L2 forwarding functionality).
> >
> > 	The network looks like this (initially):
> >
> >       \\\\|////   \\\\\|||/////   \\\|///
> >         __|__         __|__        __|__
> >        | B-1 |       | B-2 |      | B-3 |
> >        |_____|       |_____|      |_____|
> >           |  \       /     \_____ /  |
> >           |   \_____/      | B-5 |   |
> >           |   | B-4 |      |_____|   |
> >           |   |_____|         |      |
> >         __|__       \         |      |
> >        | B-6 |_______\ _______|    __|__
> >        |_____|        \___________| B-7 |
> >           |                       |_____|
> >           |                          |
> >         __|___                     __|___
> >        | RB-1 |                   | RB-2 |
> >        |______|                   |______|
> >               \         _         /
> >                \__   __( )___   _/
> >                   \_(  Core  )_/
> >                   (_  RBridge _)
> >                     (_ Cloud _)
> >                       (_   _)
> >                         (_)
> >  
> > 	In this figure, B-1, B-2 and B-3 are aggregation bridges with 
> > multiple (lots and lots) of VIDs.  
> >
> > 	B-4 is a special purpose bridge used for VLAN-A only, and B-5 
> > is a special purpose bridge used for VLAN-B only.  
> >
> > 	All remaining bridges are configured to participate in VLAN-A, 
> > VLAN-B and an arbitrary set of zero or more other VLANs.  Since B-4 
> > and B-5 are configured for specific VLANs only, the ports on their 
> > adjacent bridging peers are configured only for those VLANs.  
> >
> > 	To be clear, the links between B-4 and B-7, and between B-6 
> > and B-5 are not connected (they merely overlap in the drawing).
> >  
> > 	In this network, RB-1 and RB-2 are both RBridges and both have 
> > access to VLAN A and VLAN B and each other (via both VLAN A 
> and VLAN 
> > B) - as well as the same arbitrary set of zero or more VLANs that 
> > any of the other bridges in the drawing have.  However, the two 
> > RBridges use another VLAN - say VLAN C - to exchange hellos.  Under
> > the normal operating conditions intended, this works fine and RB-1 
> > and RB-2 may separately be elected DRB for either of VLAN A 
> or VLAN B.
> >  
> > 	If bridge B-4 fails, then VLAN A would be segmented, at least 
> > temporarily.  Hellos continue to work, however, so the 2 RBridges 
> > do not discover the partition and the DRB election remains 
> unchanged.  
> > In this case, part of the VLAN is orphaned - particularly from the
> > perspective of any locally attached end-stations.  
> >
> > 	However, this is not acceptable behavior.  No misconfiguration
> > exists and the ideal (and reasonably expected) behavior 
> would be for 
> > the RBridges to discover the partition and redo the DRB election - 
> > making RB-1 the DRB for one partition and RB-2 the DRB for 
> the other 
> > partition.
> >
> > 	If (when) RB-1 and RB-2 were 802.1Q bridges, using MSTP for 
> > multiple VLANs (in particular, for VLAN A and B), this failure will
> > have resulted in re-running (M)STP for the affected VLAN 
> connectivity
> > and the segmentation (partitioning) would be healed.  In 
> the same way,
> > if the status of VLAN's A and B were derived directly from messages
> > that use VLAN A and VLAN B (as opposed to using VLAN C), this same
> > robust behavior would occur.
> >
> >
> > --
> > Eric Gray
> > Principal Engineer
> > Ericsson 
> >
> > _______________________________________________
> > rbridge mailing list
> > rbridge at postel.org
> > http://mailman.postel.org/mailman/listinfo/rbridge
> >   
> 
> 



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